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Unreal Engine 5

Lighting Tutorial

虚幻引擎5灯光系统完全指南

Master dynamic lighting in Unreal Engine 5 with Lumen. Learn about directional lights, point lights, spotlights, and rect lights through hands-on tutorials.

通过Lumen掌握虚幻引擎5中的动态光照。通过实践教程学习方向光、点光源、聚光灯和矩形光。

▶ Watch Original Video / 观看原视频

Prerequisites / 前置要求

💻
Unreal Engine 5.1+
Latest version of UE5 with Lumen support

支持Lumen的最新UE5版本
🎮
NVIDIA RTX GPU (Optional)
For hardware ray tracing support

用于硬件光线追踪支持（可选）
📚
Beginner Friendly
No prior lighting experience needed

无需灯光经验

Project Setup / 项目设置

1
Open Project Settings / 打开项目设置
Go to Settings → Project Settings or press Ctrl+Alt+S

进入设置 → 项目设置或按Ctrl+Alt+S
2
Configure DirectX 12 / 配置DirectX 12
Search for "DirectX" in the search bar

在搜索栏中搜索"DirectX"
✓ Default RHI DirectX 12
✓ DX12 SM5 Enabled
3
Enable Lumen / 启用Lumen
Go to Rendering → Lumen section

进入渲染 → Lumen部分
✓ Dynamic Global Illumination Lumen
✓ Array Lighting Mode Surface Cache
✓ Software Ray Tracing Mode Detail Tracing
✓ Shadow Map Method Virtual Shadow Maps
4
Enable Hardware Ray Tracing (Optional) / 启用硬件光线追踪（可选）
✓ Support Hardware Ray Tracing Enabled
Note: Only works with NVIDIA RTX GPUs. If you don't have one, don't worry - software ray tracing still produces great results!

注意：仅适用于NVIDIA RTX GPU。如果没有也不用担心 - 软件光线追踪依然能产生很好的效果！
5
Restart Engine / 重启引擎
UE5 will need to restart and recompile all shaders. Go grab a coffee! ☕

UE5需要重启并重新编译所有着色器。去喝杯咖啡吧！☕

Light Types / 灯光类型

☀️
Directional Light
方向光
Simulates sunlight or moonlight. Emits parallel light rays in one direction. Perfect for exterior environments or sunlight through windows.

模拟太阳光或月光。向一个方向发射平行光线。非常适合外部环境或透过窗户的阳光。
  • Outdoor environments / 户外环境
  • Sunlight through windows / 透过窗户的阳光
  • Moonlight / 月光
  • Large-scale light sources / 大型光源
💡
Point Light
点光源
Emits light equally in all directions, like a light bulb. Great for lamps, candles, or any omnidirectional light source.

向所有方向均匀发射光线，就像灯泡。非常适合灯具、蜡烛或任何全方向光源。
  • Light bulbs / 灯泡
  • Candles / 蜡烛
  • Omnidirectional sources / 全方向光源
  • Interior lighting / 室内照明
🔦
Spotlight
聚光灯
Emits light in a conical pattern. Like a real spotlight or flashlight. Adjustable inner/outer cone angles for control.

以锥形模式发射光线。就像真正的聚光灯或手电筒。可调节内/外锥角以进行控制。
  • Spotlights / 聚光灯
  • Flashlights / 手电筒
  • Car headlights / 汽车前大灯
  • Stage lighting / 舞台照明
📺
Rect Light
矩形光
Most versatile light! Behaves like a softbox or studio light. Creates soft, diffused lighting with beautiful shadows. Great for portraits and cinematic work.

最多功能的光源！表现像柔光箱或演播室灯光。创建柔和的漫射光和美丽的阴影。非常适合人像和电影作品。
  • Softbox effects / 柔光箱效果
  • Window light sources / 窗户光源
  • Portrait lighting / 人像照明
  • Cinematic scenes / 电影场景

Light Mobility / 灯光移动性

Unreal Engine has three mobility options. For this tutorial with Lumen, use Movable for best results!

虚幻引擎有三种移动性选项。对于本教程使用Lumen，建议使用Movable（可移动）以获得最佳效果！

📌
Static
For baked lighting only

仅用于烘焙灯光
📍
Stationary
Default but limited

默认但功能有限
🚀
Movable
Recommended! Full dynamic lighting

推荐！ 完全动态光照

Quick Start Guide / 快速入门

1
Place Actors Panel / 放置演员面板
Go to Place Actors tab (top left) and click the lights icon

进入放置演员标签（左上角）并点击灯光图标
Available lights: - Directional Light (方向光) - Point Light (点光源) - Spotlight (聚光灯) - Rect Light (矩形光) - Spot Light (Exponential) (指数聚光灯)
2
Drag & Drop / 拖拽放置
Drag your chosen light into the scene viewport

将选择的灯光拖放到场景视口中
3
Adjust Light Settings / 调整灯光设置
With light selected, use the Details panel (right side) to adjust:

选中灯光后，使用详情面板（右侧）调整：
  • Intensity - Brightness of the light / 灯光亮度
  • Light Color - RGB color picker / RGB颜色选择器
  • Temperature - Warm to cool (Kelvin) / 色温（开尔文）
  • Attenuation - Light falloff (Point/Spot only) / 光衰减（仅点光源/聚光灯）
4
Transform Light / 变换灯光
Use the transform gizmo (W, E, R keys) to move, rotate, scale lights

使用变换手柄（W、E、R键）移动、旋转、缩放灯光
W - Move / 移动 E - Rotate / 旋转 R - Scale / 缩放

Pro Tips / 专业提示

01
Start Simple / 从简单开始
Begin with a single Directional Light to establish your base lighting. Add secondary lights only when needed.

首先使用单个方向光建立基础照明。仅在需要时添加次要灯光。
02
Use Rect Lights / 使用矩形光
Rect Lights are the most versatile. Use them for windows, soft lighting, and cinematic effects. They create beautiful soft shadows!

矩形光功能最多。用于窗户、柔光照和电影效果。它们创造美丽的柔和阴影！
03
Enable Ray Traced Shadows / 启用光线追踪阴影
For better shadow detail, enable "Ray Traced Shadows" in light settings. Makes soft shadows even softer!

为了更好的阴影细节，在灯光设置中启用"光线追踪阴影"。使柔和阴影更柔和！
04
Use Volumetric Scattering / 使用体积散射
Add atmosphere with volumetric scattering intensity. Creates visible light beams through haze or fog. Keep values low (10-30) for subtle effects.

使用体积散射强度添加氛围。通过雾霾或雾气创建可见光束。保持低值（10-30）以获得微妙效果。
05
Light Complexity / 光照复杂度
You don't need complex lighting setups. 2-3 well-placed lights can create amazing results with Lumen!

你不需要复杂的照明设置。2-3个位置恰当的灯光就能用Lumen创造惊人的效果！
06
Exposure Spheres / 曝光球体
Use the Exposure Sphere preview to check if your scene is properly exposed. Helps avoid clipped highlights or crushed blacks.

使用曝光球体预览检查场景曝光是否正确。有助于避免高光裁剪或黑色丢失。

Key Learnings / 关键要点

  • ✦ Lumen provides fully dynamic global illumination - No light baking required for beautiful results
    Lumen提供完全动态的全局照明 - 无需烘焙灯光即可获得美丽效果
  • ✦ Movable mobility is recommended - Allows real-time lighting adjustments without recompiling
    推荐使用Movable移动性 - 允许实时调整灯光而无需重新编译
  • ✦ Each light has specific use cases - Directional for sun, Point for bulbs, Spot for focused beams, Rect for soft lighting
    每种灯光都有特定用途 - 方向光用于太阳，点光用于灯泡，聚光用于聚焦光束，矩形光用于柔光照
  • ✦ Lighting doesn't need to be complicated - 2-3 well-placed lights are often enough
    灯光不需要复杂 - 2-3个位置恰当的灯光通常就足够了
  • ✦ Hardware Ray Tracing is optional - Software ray tracing still produces great results
    硬件光线追踪是可选的 - 软件光线追踪仍然能产生很好的效果